Ferreira Gullar

Ferreira Gullar was born in 1930 as José Ribamar Ferreira. He moved to Rio de Janeiro when he was 20 years old to work as a freelance journalist and became an active participant in the “concrete poetry” movement. Years later, as the military came to power, he abandoned the movement’s formalism and his poetry took an increasingly political turn. In 1971 he was forced into exile in Buenos Aires. It was there he wrote his famous poem “Poema Sujo” (“Dirty Poem”), which, when it was published in Brazil, turned him into a literary sensation.

(Photo Credit: Nisha Rathode)